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Laurel Haas has been studying family history for fifteen
years, starting with the discovery of her maternal
grandparents using DNA. She has achieved Level One of
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North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, and West Virginia)
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Generation Three, Research Objective
The research objective for Generation Three is to document vital events for Parthenia Algood, including birth, parentage, marriage, and death. Parthenia Algood was proven as the parent of Lizzie Russell from
Generation Two. She is the third generation discussed in this research project. Nothing was known about Parthenia before this research.
Parthenia Algood was born between 1843 and 1847 in Mecklenburg County, Virginia.[1] Parthenia married her first husband, Plummer Russell in 1869 in Warren County, North Carolina.[2] She died after 1
April 1913, probably in Warren County, North Carolina. [3]
Parthenia Algood was a free person of color, born to free parents. Parthenia and her family appear in typical genealogical records before the abolition of slavery.[4] One of the first laws regarding people of African
descent was passed in Virginia in 1692.[5] The law stated that the free status of offspring was the same as their mother. Over the next 200 years, free status was expanded to five classes: 1) children born of free
people of color, 2) mulatto children born of free colored mothers, 3) mulatto children born of white or free servants, 4) children of free negro and Indian mixed heritage, and 5) manumitted slaves.
North Carolina law recognized free people of color as people and recognized their connection to kin.
“The ability to own real and personal property, seek restitution in the courts, and maintain legally recognized bonds to family distinguished even the poorest free person of color from the most fortunate slaves.”[6]
Parthenia was often recorded with a nickname on her children’s records. In this research, Parthenia will be referred to by her full first name. Table 4 contains examples of nicknames that Parthenia was referred to
by her children. Parthenia’s surname Algood can also be spelled as “Allgood” in records. The surname is spelled as Algood in this report.
Who were Parthenia Algood’s parents?
The research located census and vital records with references to Pathenia’s parents’ names. Three marriage records were found for Parthenia Algood. She married in 1869 in Warren County, North Carolina, in
1886 in Warren County, North Carolina, and in 1906 in Southampton County, Virginia.[1] L.C. Perkinson, minister, presided over Parthenia’s first two marriages to Plummer Russell and Thomas Hunt,
respectively. These two records were created by the Warren County Register of Deeds, handwritten, and signed on both records by the minister, certifying that he had married the couple. The third marriage, to
Riddick Artis, on 24 January 1906 in Southampton County, Virginia, was recorded by the clerk on a marriage register. All records show Parthenia’s parents’ names as James or Jim Algood and Betsy, also spelled as
Betsey or Betty, Algood. The first two records are reliable with Parthenia present and likely providing the information directly. The third record is a register and a transcription of an original record. However, the
names of the parents transcribed, “Jim and Bettie Algood”, are like the names listed on the first two records.
[ 1850 U.S. Census, Mecklenburg County, Virginia, population schedule, Regiment 98, page 91b (stamped), dwelling 695, family 695, entry for Jas Algood household; database with images, Ancestry.com
(https://www.ancestry.com : 30 May 2021); citing microfilm at NARA, publication M432, Roll 960. Document 15.
“North Carolina County Marriage Records, 1741-2011,” database with images, Ancestry.com (https//www.ancestry.com : accessed 30 May 2021), entry for Plummer Russell and Parthenia Allgood, 11 January
1869, Warren County, North Carolina, no certificate number on Record; citing images from North Carolina State Archives, Raleigh, NC, microfilm, record group 048. Document 13.
United States, North Carolina, Warren, land and property, Deeds, 1764-1960, "Deeds, V. 87-88 1912-1915,” digitized microfilm accessed through catalog, FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org : accessed
23 November 2021), sale of land from Riddick and Parthenia Artis, 31 March 1913, Warren County, North Carolina, vol. 87, page 416, microfilm #454347, IGN (DGS) #7560205, image 234; citing North
Carolina Department of Archives and History, Raleigh, North Carolina. Document 19.
“African American Resources in Virginia,” FamilySearch (https://www.familysearch.org/wiki/en/African_American_Resources_for_Virginia : accessed 9 October 2021), Free People of Color, paragraph 4.
John Henderson Russell, “The Free Negro in Virginia, 1619-1865,” Internet Archive, digitized book, (https://archive.org/details/freenegro00russrich/page/38/mode/2up : accessed 9 October 2021), page 37,
paragraph 1, page 40, paragraph 1-3, page 41, paragraph 1-2.
Warren Eugene Milteer Jr., North Carolina's Free People of Color, 1715-1885 (Baton Rouge. Louisiana state University Press, 2020), page 2.